Adagrasib shows promise in treatment of mutated solid tumours

Treatment with the selective KRAS G12C inhibitor adagrasib significantly improves survival and yields high response rates in patients with KRAS G12C-mutant solid tumours, a study has shown.

However, tolerability remains a challenge due to frequent adverse events and dose modifications, as well as variability in response rates.

A team of investigators searched four databases to identify clinical trials and observational studies assessing adagrasib performance in patients with KRAS G12C-mutant solid tumours. They performed a single-arm analysis using the inverse variance method and pooled log proportion and standardized mean difference (SMD) using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics.

Six studies, which included a total of 400 patients, met the eligibility criteria. Adagrasib use resulted in a median overall survival of 14.74 months (95 percent confidence interval [CI], 12.06‒17.42; I2, 40.4 percent) and progression-free survival of 6.80 months (95 percent CI, 6.14‒7.46; I2, 0 percent). These findings suggested significant survival benefits.

Furthermore, an 83-percent disease control rate was observed, indicating robust tumour response and stabilization. In terms of safety, 97 percent of patients reported experiencing at least one adverse event of varying grades.

“Further studies are needed to optimize dosing, improve patient selection, and explore combination strategies to enhance outcomes and minimize unwanted effects,” the investigators said.