Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia References

Last updated: 17 June 2025
  1. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas Panel. NCCN Clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN Guidelines): Non-hodgkin’s lymphomas. Version 1.2016. NCCN website. http://www.nccn.org/. Dec 2015. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
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  3. Eichhorst B, Robak T, Montserrat E, et al; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2015 Sep;26(Suppl 5):v78-v84. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdv303. Accessed 25 Apr 2016. PMID: 26314781
  4. Ghia P, Hallek M. Management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica. 2014 Jun;99(6):965-972. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2013.096107. PMID: 24881042
  5. Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D, et al; International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a report from the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia updating the National Cancer Institute-Working Group 1996 guidelines. Blood. 2008 Jun;111(12):5446-5456. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-06-093906. PMID: 18216293
  6. Kawamata N, Moreilhon C, Saitoh T, et al. Genetic differences between Asian and Caucasian chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Int J Oncol. 2013 Aug;43(2):561-565. doi:10.3892/ijo.2013.1966. Accessed 12 May 2016. PMID: 23708256
  7. National Cancer Institute. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment - health professional version (PDQ®). National Cancer Institute website. http://www.cancer.gov/. Jan 2016. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
  8. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). NICE pathways: Leukaemia. NICE. http://pathways.nice.org.uk. 2016. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
  9. Negrin RS, Rai KR. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/. Apr 2016. Accessed 16 May 2016.
  10. Oscier D, Dearden C, Eren E, et al; British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Guidelines on the diagnosis, investigation and management of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2012 Dec;159(5):541-564. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjh.12067/epdf. PMID: 23057493
  11. Rai KR, Stilgenbauer S. Clinical presentation, pathologic features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UptoDate website. http://www.uptodate.com/. Jan 2016. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
  12. Rai KR, Stilgenbauer S. Overview of the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/. Jul 2014. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
  13. Rai KR, Stilgenbauer S. Pathophysiology and genetic features of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/. Nov 2015. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
  14. Rai KR, Stilgenbauer S. Selection of initial therapy for symptomatic or advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UpToDate. http://www.uptodate.com/. Apr 2016. Accessed 25 Apr 2016.
  15. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN Clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN Guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 4.2020. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 20 Dec 2019. Accessed 15 Nov 2016.
  16. ESMO Guidelines Committee. eUpdate - chronic lymphocytic leukaemia treatment recommendations. ESMO. http://www.esmo.org/. Jun 2017.
  17. Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D, et al. Guidelines for diagnosis, indications for treatment, response assessment and supportive management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2018 Mar. doi: 10.1182/blood-2017-09-806398. PMID: 29540348
  18. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN Guidelines): chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 5.2018. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. Mar 2018.
  19. Rai KR, Stilgenbauer S. Evaluating response to treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/. Apr 2018.
  20. Rai KR, Stilgenbauer S. Selection of initial therapy for symptomatic or advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com/. Apr 2018.
  21. A Mir M. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/. 07 Feb 2020.
  22. Brander D, Islam P, Barrientos JC. Tailored treatment strategies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a rapidly changing era. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2019 Jan;39:487-498. doi: 10.1200/EDBK_238735. PMID: 31099686
  23. Kotiah S. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment protocols. Medscape. https://emedicine.medscape.com/. 25 Nov 2024. Accessed 17 May 2022.
  24. National Cancer Institute. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment (PDQ®) - health professional version. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/. 22 Jan 2020.
  25. Parikh SA. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment algorithm 2018. Blood Cancer J. 2018;8:93. doi: 10.1038/s41408-018-0131-2.
  26. Schuh AH, Parry-Jones N, Appleby N, et al. Guideline for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A British Society for Haematology guideline. Br J Haematol. 2018 Aug;182(3):344-359. doi: 10.1111/bjh.15460. PMID: 30009455
  27. Eichhorst B, Robak T, Montserrat E, et al; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2020 Oct:S0923-7534(20)42469-X. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.09.019. PMID: 33091559
  28. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 1.2021. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 28 Sep 2020.
  29. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/Small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 4.2021. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 29 Apr 2021.
  30. Nabhan C, Raca G, Wang YL. Predicting prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the contemporary era. JAMA Oncol. 2015 Oct;1(7):965–974. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.0779. PMID: 26181643
  31. Kiefer Y, Schulte C, Tiemann M, Bullerdiek J. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia-associated chromosomal abnormalities and miRNA deregulation. Appl Clin Genet. 2012 Mar;5:21-28. doi: 10.2147/TACG.S18669. PMID: 23776377
  32. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 3.2025. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 02 Apr 2025. Accessed 03 May 2021.
  33. Rhodes JM, Barrientos JC. Chemotherapy-free frontline therapy for CLL: is it worth it? Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2020 Dec;2020(1):24-32. doi: 10.1182/hematology.2020000085. PMID: 33275668
  34. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 2.2022. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 18 Jan 2022.
  35. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 3.2022. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 03 Jun 2022.
  36. Hampel PJ, Parikh SA. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment algorithm 2022. Blood Cancer J. 2022 Nov;12(11):161. doi: 10.1038/s41408-022-00756-9. PMID: 36446777
  37. National Cancer Institute (NCI). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment - health professional version (PDQ®). NCI. http://www.cancer.gov/. 30 Jun 2023.
  38. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 3.2023. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 12 Jun 2023.
  39. Thompson PA, Tam CS. Pirtobrutinib: a new hope for patients with BTK inhibitor-refractory lymphoproliferative disorders. Blood. 2023 Jun;141(26):3137-3142. doi: 10.1182/blood.2023020240. PMID: 37156004
  40. Tse E, Kwong YL, Goh YT, et al. Expert consensus on the management of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in Asia. Clin Exp Med. 2023 Feb. doi: 10.1007/s10238-023-01007-2. PMID: 36795237
  41. Walewska R, Parry-Jones N, Eyre TA, et al. Guideline for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 2022 Jun;197(5):544-557. doi: 10.1111/bjh.18075. PMID: 35313007
  42. National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Version 3.2024. NCCN. https://www.nccn.org/. 26 Mar 2024.
  43. Eichhorst B, Ghia P, Niemann CU, et al. ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline interim update on new targeted therapies in the first line and at relapse of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Ann Oncol. 2024 Sep;35(9):762-768. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.06.016. Accessed 14 Aug 2024. PMID: 38969011