Overview
Osteoporosis is a
progressive, systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and
microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, as stated in the Introduction section.
Osteoporosis imposes a significant worldwide
healthcare burden. A detailed discussion about the prevalence of osteoporosis
is in the Epidemiology
section.
The developmental process of osteoporosis in
affected individuals is in the Pathophysiology section.
The Risk Factors section
enumerates the conditions associated with the development of osteoporosis.
Discussions on primary and secondary
osteoporosis are in the Classification section.
Osteoporosis_Disease SummaryHistory and Physical Examination
The Clinical
Presentation section
describes the clinical features suggestive of osteoporosis.
The History and
Physical Examination sections discuss the important information
and assessments in patients suspected of osteoporosis.
Diagnosis
The Diagnosis
or Diagnostic Criteria section
features the features that should be present in the diagnosis of postmenopausal
osteoporosis.
The Screening section
discusses the tools to assess and screen patients with osteoporosis.
Discussions of tests
that may be requested in patients suspected of osteoporosis are in the Laboratory Tests and Ancillaries
section.
The Imaging section discusses methods for bone mineral
density (BMD) measurements and other radiologic studies for the evaluation of
individuals with osteoporosis.
Other conditions that may cause fractures and
decreased bone density are listed in the Differential
Diagnosis section.
Management
Fracture risk
categories in the evaluation of patients with osteoporosis are enumerated in
the Evaluation section.
General therapy principles and management of osteoporosis
are in the Principles of Therapy
section.
The Pharmacological
Therapy section explains
therapy options for patients with osteoporosis, such as bisphosphonates, and
hormonal therapy.
The Nonpharmacological
section includes discussions on nutrition and lifestyle
modifications in patients with osteoporosis.
Surgical options in
the management of osteoporosis, such as vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are discussed
in the Surgery section.
The Monitoring section discusses treatment monitoring,
follow-up diagnostic tests, and specialist referral in patients with
osteoporosis.
