Molecular structure pattern

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus References

Last updated: 15 October 2026
  1. MedWorm http://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/Pediatrics/33/ http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/Pediatrics-News.xml
  2. Aringer M, Costenbader K, Daikh D, et al. 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019 Sep;78(9):1151-1159. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214819. Accessed 10 May 2020. PMID: 31383717
  3. Gordon C, Amissah-Arthur MB, Gayed M, et al; British Society for Rheumatology Standards, Audit and Guidelines Working Group. The British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus in adults. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018 Jan 1;57(1):e1-e45. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex286. Accessed 06 May 2020. PMID: 29029350
  4. Chessa E, Piga M, Floris A, et al. Use of Physician Global Assessment (PGA) in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review of its psychometric properties. medRxiv. https://www.medrxiv.org. 17 Apr 2020. Accessed 13 Jun 2020.
  5. Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Cheema K, et al. 2019 Update of the Joint European League Against Rheumatism and European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EULAR/ERA-EDTA) recommendations for the management of lupus nephritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jun;79(6):713-723. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-216924. Accessed 28 Jan 2021. PMID: 32220834
  6. Dermatologicals. WHO Collaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology. https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index. 14 Dec 2021. Accessed 09 Feb 2022.
  7. Chasset F, Richez C, Martin T, et al. Rare diseases that mimic systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus mimickers). Joint Bone Spine. 2019 Mar;86(2):165-171. doi: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.10.007. PMID: 30837156
  8. Lam NCV, Ghetu MV, Bieniek ML. Systemic lupus erythematosus: primary care approach to diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Aug 15;94(4):284-294. https://www.aafp.org.
  9. Thanou A, James JA, Arriens C, et al. Scoring systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity with simple, rapid outcome measures. Lupus Sci Med. 2019 Dec 30;6(1):e000365. doi: 10.1136/lupus-2019-000365. PMID: 31921432
  10. Ameer MA, Chaudhry H, Mushtaq J, et al. An overview of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis, classification, and management. Cureus. 2022 Oct 15;14(10):e30330. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30330. PMID: 36407159
  11. Fanouriakis A, Tziolos N, Bertsias G, et al. Update οn the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Jan;80(1):14-25. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218272. PMID: 33051219
  12. Lee MH, Koh JWH, Ng CH, et al. A meta-analysis of clinical manifestations in Asian systemic lupus erythematous: the effects of ancestry, ethnicity and gender. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2022 Feb;52:151932. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2021.12.004. PMID: 34996626
  13. Mok CC. A consensus for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus in Asia. J Clin Rheumatol Immunol. 2021;21(1):1-6. doi: 10.1142/S266134172101001X. Accessed 20 Dec 2022
  14. Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Andersen J, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus: 2023 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2024 Jan 2;83(1):15-29. doi: 10.1136/ard-2023-224762. PMID: 37827694
  15. Mok CC, Hamijoyo L, Kasitanon N, et al. The Asia-Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology consensus statements on the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet Rheumatol. 2021 Jul;3(7):e517-e531. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00009-6. PMID: 38279404
  16. Navarra STV. Systemic lupus erythematosus. In: Mejia AD, Faustino EF, Fernandez LC, et al, eds. The PCP Textbook of Internal Medicine; 2023:1472-1478.
  17. Ministry of Health Malaysia, Malaysian Society of Rheumatology, Academy of Medicine Malaysia. Management of systemic lupus erythematosus. Academy of Medicine Malaysia. https://www.acadmed.org.my. 2023.
  18. Fanouriakis A, Kostopoulou M, Anders HJ, et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus with kidney involvement: 2025 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2026 Jan;85(1):75-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ard.2025.09.007. Accessed 06 Oct 2026. PMID: 41107121
  19. Sammaritano LR, Askanase A, Bermas BL, et al. 2025 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guideline for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2026 Jul;78(7):815-839. doi: 10.1002/acr.25690. PMID: 41182321