Overview
Pulmonary tuberculosis
(PTB) is a case of tuberculosis (TB) that involves the lung parenchyma, as
stated in the Introduction
section.
Approximately 1.7
billion people are estimated to have been infected with M tuberculosis.
A detailed discussion about the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis is in the Epidemiology section.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a slow-growing, aerobic, non-motile, acid-fast bacillus that causes
pulmonary tuberculosis. Discussion of this pathogen is in the Etiology section.
The Pathophysiology section
states that tuberculosis is primarily transmitted from person to person through
inhalation of airborne droplet nuclei released by individuals with active
pulmonary TB. The developmental process of pulmonary tuberculosis in infected patients
is in this section.
The Risk Factors section
enumerates the conditions associated with the development of pulmonary
tuberculosis.
Discussions on patient registration groups and
types of drug-resistant tuberculosis are in the Classification section.
Tuberculosis - Pulmonary_Disease SummaryHistory and Physical Examination
The Clinical Presentation section describes
the symptoms suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis.
The History and
the Physical Examination sections discuss the important information to
ask and examine of patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis.
The Screening section
enumerates the indications for tuberculosis infection screening.
Diagnosis
Discussions on sputum
smear microscopy, rapid molecular tests, skin testing, culture and tests for
extrapulmonary tuberculosis are in the Laboratory
Tests and Ancillaries section.
The Imaging section
explains the importance of a chest X-ray in the evaluation of patients
suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Other conditions that should be ruled out in
the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis are listed in the Differential Diagnosis section.
Management
General therapy principles and management of pulmonary
tuberculosis are in the Principles of Therapy
section.
The Pharmacological
Therapy section discusses in
detail anti-TB agents and treatment regimens for TB patients based on the TB classification.
Surgery as a treatment
option in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is discussed in the Surgery section.
The Prevention section emphasizes preventive
treatment options in patients at risk of pulmonary tuberculosis.
The Monitoring
section discusses the indications for follow-up in patients with pulmonary
tuberculosis.
The Complication section discusses the different complications
seen in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and comorbidities.
