The Hidden Burden: Peripheral Neuropathy in the Filipino Elderly
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) refers to damage to the peripheral nerves, the network that carries
signals between the central nervous system and the body, including the hands, feet, and
internal organs. In elderly populations, its burden is far greater than commonly recognized.
Research estimates that nearly 1 in 5 elderly adults (18.9%) may be living with PN, particularly
those over 60 years of age.
1 Yet many silently endure their symptoms – numbness, tingling,
weakness, and discomfort – attributing them to aging rather than to an underlying condition that
warrants specific care.
2
The consequences of inaction are significant. PN is an independent risk factor for falls in older
adults, with downstream effects on mobility, independence, and survival.
2-4 One cohort study
found that elderly patients with detectable PN had a mean survival time approximately three
years shorter than those without the condition.
5 These figures underscore the urgency of moving
from passive acceptance to proactive clinical recognition.
The Intricacies of Peripheral Neuropathy and Its Management
Central to the evening’s scientific session was the lecture of Dr Elaine Cunanan, the current
president of the Philippine College of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. In her lecture,
she touched on the various facets of PN, including its incidence, its pathophysiology, strategies
for its early detection and the holistic approach to its management.
She highlighted a particular demographic commonly affected by PN: elderly patients. Dr
Cunanan presented data showing that elderly patients are at markedly higher risk of developing
PN.
6,7 However, she emphasized that although nerve changes may occur with age, aging in
itself does not cause nerve damage.
8 The predilection may be accounted for by increase
diabetes risk with age9 and increased risk of vitamin B deficiency in the elderly.
6,10,11
Dr Cunanan also noted polypharmacy — common in this age group commonly with multiple
comorbidities — as a factor worsening vitamin B deficiency, and highlighted metformin's role in
impairing B12 absorption, correlating with its dose and duration of use.
12-14
She also noted that simple in-clinic assessments can aid early detection and timely intervention.
Finally, Dr Cunanan discussed a new screening tool for peripheral neuropathy, "A simple
sCreening Tool" (ACT), available as both a physical copy and a mobile app, which uses a series
of questions and a brief physical exam to screen patients while they wait.
These simple bedside observations, combined with a thorough history, can help identify PN
earlier and before functional decline sets in. The key takeaway: early diagnosis and intervention
can significantly improve quality of life.
15 Waiting for a patient to complain is, too often, waiting
too long.
Neurotropic B Vitamins and the Evidence from the NENOIN Study
The event featured a focused discussion on the role of neurotropic B vitamins – B1 (thiamine),
B6 (pyridoxine), and B12 (cobalamin) – in nerve health. Each vitamin plays a distinct role: B1
supports nerve energy metabolism, B6 maintains myelin sheath integrity and promotes
biosynthesis of neurotransmitters, and B12 promotes nerve regeneration and remyelination.
16
Emerging evidence shows that the combination of all three exerts synergistic effects superior to
any single B vitamin administered alone.
16,17
Essential insights come from 2023 secondary analysis of the NENOIN Study, a prospective,
multi-center observational study of 411 patients with mild to moderate PN prescribed a fixed
dose combination of B1, B6, and B12 (Neurobion® Forte) once daily for 90 days. The results
demonstrated not only symptom relief, but measurable improvements in ankle and knee
reflexes, sensory perception, and muscle strength – objective evidence that neurotropic B
vitamins can restore nerve function, not merely mask pain.
18
In her discussion, Dr Cunanan noted that these beneficial effects of neurotropic vitamin B were
consistent despite the cause of neuropathy. However, she also emphasized that not all vitamin
B complexes are the same, highlighting the benefits of Neurobion’s DuPro technology, which
prevents the degradation of vitamin B12 as it comes into contact with gastric acid, leading to
more vitamin B12 being absorbed in the small intestines.
Caring for the Hands That Care: The Campaign
Aside from the scientific discussions, at the heart of the event is a campaign that speaks not just
to clinicians, but to the Filipino soul. "Caring for the Hands That Care" draws on a deeply
familiar image – the hands of a parent, a lola, a lolo – hands that once cooked, worked, and
sacrificed for the family. These are hands that deserve to be cared for in return, not dismissed.
The campaign anchors its message on a simple but powerful question: "Is It Just Aging… or
Something More?" challenging both patients and physicians to pause before accepting
numbness, tingling, or weakness as an inevitable part of growing old. Through increased awareness and earlier clinical recognition, the campaign aims to bridge the gap between silent
suffering and timely intervention. For the Filipino elderly, who often minimize their own
discomfort out of a sense of not wanting to be a burden, this message is both timely and
necessary. Caring for them starts with listening and knowing what to look for.
A Call to Action for Primary Care
The evening closed with a clear message to the physicians in the room: as the primary point of
contact for elderly patients, GPs and internists are uniquely positioned to close the gap between
unrecognized PN and meaningful intervention. Attendees were encouraged to recognize early
symptoms rather than attribute them to aging, educate patients that these experiences are not
inevitable, and initiate earlier assessment and treatment.
The campaign message – “Care for the Hands That Once Cared for Us” – resonated throughout
the event. With nearly 1 in 5 elderly Filipinos potentially affected, every clinical encounter is an
opportunity to act. The next time an elderly patient mentions tusok-tusok in their feet or
weakness in their hands, pause, ask, and assess. What they are feeling may be far more than
the passage of time.
References:
1. Rodriguez-Saldana, J., Mijangos, J. H. S., Hancock, C. N., Ramsey, D. L., & Weiser, L. K. (2024).
Prevalence and disease burden of peripheral neuropathy in the general population in Mexico City: A cross
sectional epidemiological study. Curr Med Res Opin, 40(6), 977–987.
2. Mold, J. W., Vesely, S. K., Keyl, B. A., Schenk, J. B., & Roberts, M. (2004). The prevalence, predictors, and
consequences of peripheral sensory neuropathy in older patients. J Am Board Fam Pract, 17(5), 309–318.
3. Richardson, J. K., & Hurvitz, E. A. (1995). Peripheral neuropathy: A true risk factor for falls. J Gerontol A Biol
Sci Med Sci, 50(4), M211–M215.
4. Wuehr, M., et al. (2024). Peripheral neuropathy, an independent risk factor for falls in the elderly, impairs
stepping as a postural control mechanism. Eur J Neurol.
5. Lawler, F. H., Mold, J. W., Liao, X., & Bard, D. E. (2023). Peripheral neuropathy in older people is associated
with reduced life expectancy. J Am Board Fam Med, 36(3), 431–438.
6. Mold, J.W., et al. (2004). The prevalence, predictors, and consequences of peripheral sensory neuropathy in
older patients. J Am Board Fam Pract, 17(5), 309-318.
7. Gregg, E.W., et al. (2004). Prevalence of lower-extremity disease in the U.S. adult population ≥40 years of
age with and without diabetes: 1999–2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes
Care, 27(7), 1591-1597.
8. Verdú, E., et al. (2000). Influence of aging on peripheral nerve function and regeneration. J Peripher Nerv
Syst, 5(4), 191-208.
9. Sinclair, A., et al. (2020). Diabetes and global ageing among 65-99-year-old adults: Findings from the
International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 162, 108078.
10. Andrès, E., et al. (2004). Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency in elderly patients. CMAJ, 171(3), 251-259.
11. Kjeldby, I.K., et al. (2013). Vitamin B6 deficiency and diseases in elderly people—a study in nursing homes.
BMC Geriatr, 13, 13.
12. Al Zoubi, M.S., et al. (2024). Vitamin B12 deficiency in diabetic patients treated with metformin: A narrative
review. Ir J Med Sci, 193(4), 1827-1835.
13. Langan, R.C., & Goodbred, A.J. (2017). Vitamin B12 deficiency: Recognition and management. Am Fam
Physician, 96(6), 384-389. 14. Infante, M., et al. (2021). Long-term metformin therapy and vitamin B12 deficiency: An association to bear in
mind. World J Diabetes, 12(7), 916-931.
15. Selvarajah, D., Kar, D., Khunti, K., Davies, M. J., Scott, A. R., Walker, J., & Tesfaye, S. (2019). Diabetic
peripheral neuropathy: Advances in diagnosis and strategies for screening and early intervention. Lancet
Diabetes Endocrinol, 7(12), 938–948.
16. Cuyubamba, O., Braga, C. P., Swift, D., Stickney, J. T., & Viel, C. (2025). The combination of neurotropic
vitamins B1, B6, and B12 enhances neural cell maturation and connectivity superior to single B vitamins.
Cells, 14(7), 477.
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is superior to individual B vitamins in promoting neurite growth in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim, 61(3),
264–267.
18. Hakim, M., et al. (2023). The improvement of ankle reflex, knee reflex, muscle strength, and sensory
perception after fixed-dose combination of vitamins B1, B6, and B12 in subjects with peripheral neuropathy:
Secondary analysis of the NENOIN study. J Clin Exp Pharmacol, 13, 384.