Ovarian Mass References

Last updated: 06 February 2026
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  1. Drake J. Diagnosis and management of the adnexal mass. Am Fam Physician. 1998 May;57(10):2471-2476. https://www.aafp.org. PMID: 9614415
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  3. MacKenna A, Fabres C, Alam V, et al. Clinical Management of Functional ovarian cysts: a prospective and randomized study. Hum Reprod. 2000 Dec;15(12):2567-2569. PMID: 11098028
  4. Mahdavi A, Berker B, Nezhat C, et al. Laparoscopic management of ovarian cysts. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2004 Sep;31(3):581-592, ix. PMID: 15450319
  5. Zanetta G, Lissoni A, Torri V, et al. Role of puncture and aspiration in expectant management of simple ovarian cysts: a randomised study. BMJ. 1996 Nov;313(7065):1110-1113. PMID: 8916695
  6. Salat-Baroux J, Kutten F. Management of ovarian cysts. BMJ. 1996;313(7065):1098. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=8916689. PMID: 8916689
  7. Mishell D, Stenchever M, Droegemueller W, et al. Benign gynecologic lesions. In: Stenchever M. Comprehensive Gynecology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2001.
  8. Mishell D, Stenchever M, Droegemueller W, et al. Differential diagnosis of major gynecologic problems by age groups: vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, pelvic mass. In: Stenchever M. Comprehensive Gynecology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2001.
  9. Benign diseases of the female reproductive tract. In: Berek JS, Adashi EY, Hillard PA. Novak's Gynecology. 12th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1996:361-77.
  10. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/OBGYN/29/http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/OBGYN.xml
  11. MedWormhttp://www.medworm.com/rss/index.php/Cancer-%26-Oncology/6/http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalfeeds/specialities/Cancer-Oncology.xml
  12. Ovarian cysts. Best Practice. http://bestpractice.bmj.com. Sep 2012. Accessed 17 Jul 2013.
  13. Graham L. ACOG releases guidelines on the management of adnexal masses. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. http://www.greenjournal.org. Jul 2007. Accessed 25 Feb 2010.
  14. Valesky WW, Silverberg MA. Ovarian cysts. eMedicine. http://emedicine.medscape.com. Aug 2009. Accessed 25 Feb 2010.
  15. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women. RCOG. http://www.rcog.org.uk. 2003.
  16. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), British Society of Gynaecological Endoscopy. Management of suspected ovarian masses in premenopausal women (Green-top guideline no. 62). RCOG. http://www.rcog.org.uk. Nov 2011.
  17. Yeoh M. Investigation and management of an ovarian mass. Aust Fam Physician. 2015;44(1):48-52. http://www.racgp.org.au. PMID: 25688960
  18. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). The management of ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women. Green-top guideline no. 34. RCOG. https://www.rcog.org.uk. Jul 2016. Accessed 18 Oct 2016.
  19. Duncan T, Scott-Barrett S. Guideline on the management of ovarian masses. NHS Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals. https://www.nnuh.nhs.uk. 09 Mar 2020. Accessed 08 Jun 2021.
  20. Le T, Giede C. No. 230-Initial evaluation and referral guidelines for management of pelvic/ovarian masses. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2018 Mar;40(3):e223–e229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2018.01.016. Accessed 08 Jun 2021
  21. Salvador S, Scott S, Glanc P, et al. Guideline no. 403: initial investigation and management of adnexal masses. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2020 Aug;42(8):1021-1029.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.08.044. Accessed 08 Jun 2021. PMID: 32736853
  22. Wolfman W, Thurston J, Yeung G, et al. Guideline no. 404: initial investigation and management of benign ovarian masses. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2020 Aug;42(8):1040-1050.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.01.014. Accessed 08 Jun 2021. PMID: 32736855
  23. Friedrich L, Meyer R, Levin G. Management of adnexal mass: a comparison of five national guidelines. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2021 Oct;265:80-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.08.020. PMID: 34474226
  24. May T. Approach to the patient with an adnexal mass. UpToDate. https://www.uptodate.com. 26 Jun 2025.